Cilia and flagella are motile cellular appendages found in most microorganisms and animals, but not in higher plants. In multicellular organisms, cilia function to move a cell or group of cells or to help transport fluid or materials past them. The respiratory tract in humans is lined with cilia that keep inhaled dust, smog, and potentially harmful microorganisms…
This is clearly beneficial to the F-plasmid, since its genes get replicated, but why is it useful to the bacteria? The F-plasmid often contains useful genes that deal with stressful situations that have recently arisen, for will spread this resistance to other bacteria. Since the F-plasmid can integrate into the host s chromosomal DNA it can, upon leaving, take…
The bacterial cell surface (or envelope) can vary considerably in its structure, and it plays a central role in the properties and capabilities of the cell. The one feature present in all cells is the cytoplasmic , which separates the inside of the cell from its external environment, regulates the flow of nutrients, maintains the proper intracellular milieu…
There are different types of cells, including animal cells, plant cells, fungal cells and bacteria cells. They vary in structure, depending on the type of cell and its function. Cell walls can be flexible, like those in plant cells, or rigid, like those in bacterial cells. The main job of the cell wall is to prevent the cell from over-expanding when water enters…
The nucleus is where the DNA is kept and RNA is transcribed. RNA is moved out of the nucleus through the nuclear pores. Proteins needed inside the nucleus are transported in through the nuclear pores. The nucleolus is usually visible as a dark spot in the nucleus, and is the location of ribosome formation. Ribosomes are where RNA is translated into protein. This…
